The theme of this year is "Are You Ready for the Country: Cult Cinema and Rural Excess". So, I proposed an abstract on Layar Tancap (Mobile Cinema Shows). The title is : "Entertaining the Villagers: Rural Audiences, Mobile Cinema, and Classic Exploitation Indonesian Cinema"
Here's the abstract:
Keywords: mobile cinema, New Order
regime, Indonesian exploitation cinema, subculture, film culture, exhibition,
distribution
During New Order era (1966-1998),
rural and suburban societies were always considered as second class citizens. Related
to spectatorship, those villagers got “second class” entertainment. They did
not enjoy new films in a decent permanent movie theater, or immediately once
the films were released. They watched
the films in Layar Tancap, or mobile cinema.
Although New Order regime applied state-control to every aspect of
life, including in film industry—from sharp censorship to supervising
film-related organizations—but Layar
Tancap theaters were out of radar until 1993 (van Heeren 2012). No specific government policies, including from
censorship board and The Indonesian
Statistical Bureau, has applied for this open air
cinema (Sen 1994). Until recently, Layar Tancap shows commonly operate in rural
and suburban areas, and the audiences come from lower-class. Therefore, while
other forms of social activities were being controlled, Layar Tancap shows have developed
their own dynamics: screenings of uncensored films, and “immoral” behaviours such as drunkenness,
gambling and other criminal acts. There, second class citizens, namely
villagers and working/lower class--celebrated
exploitation and B-grade movies—kind of films that were overlooked by film critics and marginalized by
government and culture elites. On the other hand, government also used Layar Tancap as propaganda means.
In this paper, I will discuss
about phenomenon of layar tancap and Misbar
(seasonal cinema) as counterculture of official and legitimate culture;
particularly on rural audiences as its subculture. By observing New Order’s film
policies as well as general and trade magazines, I will investigate why
and how this kind of cinema were out of New Order radar, how Layar Tancap operated as displays of
classic Indonesian B-films, and how they generated unique subculture of rural spectatorship.
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If you are around UK, please do come. If any of you has a plan to attend, let's meet up!
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